The Humanitarian Catastrophe in Raqqa. Do We Know Who is Responsible?

Currently, the attention of mainstream media is focused on the situation in the battered enclave of Eastern Ghouta. More than 80,000 civilians have already fled the region via humanitarian corridors despite numerous threats from terrorists, and the humanitarian situation there is being improved day by day. However, the same cannot be said of Raqqa that lies in ruins.
Almost four years since 2013 till 2017 Raqqa was run by ISIS terrorists. The residents who were unable to flee the city had to obey the laws of jihadists. Those who had refused to comply with the rules of ISIS were subjected to torture or publicly executed on the city’s streets.
In October 2017, after five months of grueling battle, the U.S. backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) ended the battle for de facto ISIS capital. However, the U.S. media were silent about the price of victory in Raqqa.
Yet, during the city’s…
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